1 00:00:03,350 --> 00:00:01,910 hi everybody josh barley here inside 2 00:00:05,030 --> 00:00:03,360 mission control houston i'm joined by 3 00:00:07,110 --> 00:00:05,040 ginger carrick a flight director also 4 00:00:08,470 --> 00:00:07,120 works for mission operations we are here 5 00:00:09,430 --> 00:00:08,480 to take her well she's here to take your 6 00:00:10,629 --> 00:00:09,440 questions i'm probably going to be a 7 00:00:12,709 --> 00:00:10,639 little bit quiet because ginger's the 8 00:00:15,829 --> 00:00:12,719 smart one so let's uh let's go ahead and 9 00:00:19,269 --> 00:00:15,839 get your questions there in el paso 10 00:00:21,429 --> 00:00:19,279 hi my name is alexis and my question is 11 00:00:24,550 --> 00:00:21,439 what did you study at hank's high school 12 00:00:27,109 --> 00:00:24,560 in el paso and at texas tech university 13 00:00:30,950 --> 00:00:27,119 that prepared you for work at nasa 14 00:00:32,709 --> 00:00:30,960 hi alexis i studied physics um i enjoyed 15 00:00:34,630 --> 00:00:32,719 all math and science classes in high 16 00:00:37,830 --> 00:00:34,640 school but when i went to texas tech i 17 00:00:40,389 --> 00:00:37,840 majored in physics and got my master's 18 00:00:42,069 --> 00:00:40,399 my bachelor's and my master's degree and 19 00:00:44,069 --> 00:00:42,079 the reason it helps is physics provides 20 00:00:46,549 --> 00:00:44,079 you a very broad base of all the 21 00:00:48,229 --> 00:00:46,559 different types of sciences and here at 22 00:00:51,590 --> 00:00:48,239 nasa we work with all different kinds of 23 00:00:51,600 --> 00:01:00,950 thank you 24 00:01:05,910 --> 00:01:03,750 hi my name is adrian perez and my 25 00:01:07,830 --> 00:01:05,920 question is did you have a special 26 00:01:10,070 --> 00:01:07,840 teacher in high school that pushed you 27 00:01:12,950 --> 00:01:10,080 toward your nasa goals 28 00:01:15,109 --> 00:01:12,960 um hi adrian yes i certainly did 29 00:01:18,390 --> 00:01:15,119 my high school chemistry teacher his 30 00:01:20,630 --> 00:01:18,400 name was henry masterson and he always 31 00:01:23,350 --> 00:01:20,640 encouraged me to to 32 00:01:25,749 --> 00:01:23,360 do really well in my in my classes but 33 00:01:27,590 --> 00:01:25,759 i remember he also encouraged me to stay 34 00:01:29,350 --> 00:01:27,600 home when we had the shuttle launches 35 00:01:30,789 --> 00:01:29,360 and so even if i had to miss chemistry 36 00:01:33,350 --> 00:01:30,799 class he thought it was more important 37 00:01:35,109 --> 00:01:33,360 for me to pursue my interest at nasa 38 00:01:39,030 --> 00:01:35,119 although i had to do extra work to make 39 00:01:44,310 --> 00:01:39,040 sure that that i my grades stayed up 40 00:01:49,030 --> 00:01:46,789 hello my name is leslie and 41 00:01:51,109 --> 00:01:49,040 my question is what was it like being at 42 00:01:53,429 --> 00:01:51,119 nasa intern how can i apply to work at 43 00:01:56,389 --> 00:01:53,439 nasa in the future 44 00:01:58,389 --> 00:01:56,399 i loved being a nasa intern i can still 45 00:02:00,950 --> 00:01:58,399 remember the very first day that i came 46 00:02:03,590 --> 00:02:00,960 on site and when you drive in you used 47 00:02:06,389 --> 00:02:03,600 to be able to see the big saturn rocket 48 00:02:09,589 --> 00:02:06,399 and i thought my gosh i have scored i 49 00:02:12,309 --> 00:02:09,599 finally got here and i was able to work 50 00:02:14,869 --> 00:02:12,319 on a lot of interesting projects but 51 00:02:16,550 --> 00:02:14,879 anyone if you have a good gpa and and 52 00:02:18,229 --> 00:02:16,560 primarily if you're interested in math 53 00:02:20,949 --> 00:02:18,239 and science but they do offer other 54 00:02:22,550 --> 00:02:20,959 internships as well but you can go to 55 00:02:24,070 --> 00:02:22,560 interns.nasa.gov 56 00:02:27,510 --> 00:02:24,080 and it'll tell you all about how to 57 00:02:27,520 --> 00:02:34,550 thank you 58 00:02:40,070 --> 00:02:37,350 hi my name is erica and my question is 59 00:02:42,390 --> 00:02:40,080 you are the first non-astronaut capcom 60 00:02:45,350 --> 00:02:42,400 what is a capcom and why is why was the 61 00:02:48,070 --> 00:02:45,360 position only held by astronauts that's 62 00:02:50,790 --> 00:02:48,080 an interesting question so that capcom 63 00:02:52,630 --> 00:02:50,800 is short for capsule communicator but 64 00:02:55,110 --> 00:02:52,640 really it's the person in mission 65 00:02:57,430 --> 00:02:55,120 control that talks to the crew so when 66 00:02:59,830 --> 00:02:57,440 the crew says houston we have a problem 67 00:03:02,949 --> 00:02:59,840 i'd be the person to key the mic and ask 68 00:03:04,949 --> 00:03:02,959 them what the problem is um historically 69 00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:04,959 it has always been an astronaut because 70 00:03:09,509 --> 00:03:07,360 the people that were in space wanted to 71 00:03:11,750 --> 00:03:09,519 talk to somebody on the ground that had 72 00:03:14,630 --> 00:03:11,760 seen what they had seen been where they 73 00:03:17,110 --> 00:03:14,640 had been and thought like a crew member 74 00:03:18,790 --> 00:03:17,120 i was able to perform this task to be 75 00:03:20,790 --> 00:03:18,800 the first person because for the 76 00:03:23,190 --> 00:03:20,800 international space station when we had 77 00:03:24,949 --> 00:03:23,200 the first crew on board there were no 78 00:03:26,550 --> 00:03:24,959 astronauts that had seen what they had 79 00:03:28,550 --> 00:03:26,560 seen and been where they had been since 80 00:03:30,550 --> 00:03:28,560 they were the first one but i had an 81 00:03:32,710 --> 00:03:30,560 opportunity to train four years with 82 00:03:35,350 --> 00:03:32,720 that crew so i was in a better position 83 00:03:36,710 --> 00:03:35,360 to do that and now it's a career path 84 00:03:40,229 --> 00:03:36,720 for 85 00:03:44,949 --> 00:03:40,239 a lot of different non-astronauts 86 00:03:49,110 --> 00:03:47,350 hi my name is sally and my question is 87 00:03:51,430 --> 00:03:49,120 what different positions do you hold in 88 00:03:53,110 --> 00:03:51,440 mission control before becoming a flight 89 00:03:54,390 --> 00:03:53,120 director 90 00:03:56,470 --> 00:03:54,400 um 91 00:03:58,470 --> 00:03:56,480 the path to a flight director normally 92 00:03:59,910 --> 00:03:58,480 you sit in one of the consoles here in 93 00:04:01,830 --> 00:03:59,920 mission control we have a bunch of 94 00:04:04,309 --> 00:04:01,840 different ones but the only one that i 95 00:04:07,750 --> 00:04:04,319 had ever sat at was the capcom or the 96 00:04:13,110 --> 00:04:07,760 capsule communicator console 97 00:04:17,990 --> 00:04:15,830 my name my name is jennifer my question 98 00:04:20,550 --> 00:04:18,000 is how do austrians train to use 99 00:04:23,510 --> 00:04:20,560 spacewalks and how does mission control 100 00:04:26,070 --> 00:04:23,520 support spacewalks on the iss 101 00:04:28,230 --> 00:04:26,080 okay so spacewalk is a very dangerous 102 00:04:30,950 --> 00:04:28,240 event and we've had some recently where 103 00:04:32,629 --> 00:04:30,960 we that has uh really uh come into play 104 00:04:36,150 --> 00:04:32,639 but so we want to make sure the crews 105 00:04:37,670 --> 00:04:36,160 are as prepared as they possibly can be 106 00:04:40,070 --> 00:04:37,680 one of the ways that we can train is we 107 00:04:41,749 --> 00:04:40,080 have this very large swimming pool 108 00:04:43,270 --> 00:04:41,759 where we will take the astronaut in the 109 00:04:45,110 --> 00:04:43,280 suit and put them in the swimming pool 110 00:04:47,270 --> 00:04:45,120 because that's really the only place you 111 00:04:49,749 --> 00:04:47,280 can simulate uh to the best of our 112 00:04:52,390 --> 00:04:49,759 abilities not a zero gravity i wish we 113 00:04:53,909 --> 00:04:52,400 had a zero gravity room sometimes we 114 00:04:56,469 --> 00:04:53,919 watch some of these movies and you think 115 00:04:58,310 --> 00:04:56,479 we have one but we do not so we practice 116 00:05:00,469 --> 00:04:58,320 that in the pool and they practice the 117 00:05:02,629 --> 00:05:00,479 tasks that they will do outside they 118 00:05:04,710 --> 00:05:02,639 also practice their communication with 119 00:05:06,390 --> 00:05:04,720 the folks here in mission control so 120 00:05:09,110 --> 00:05:06,400 that when we're ready on the day of the 121 00:05:10,629 --> 00:05:09,120 event we have a full team in here and 122 00:05:12,550 --> 00:05:10,639 people have practiced and they 123 00:05:14,710 --> 00:05:12,560 understand what the tasks the crews are 124 00:05:16,870 --> 00:05:14,720 going to perform and they also even 125 00:05:19,350 --> 00:05:16,880 practice what if this goes wrong what if 126 00:05:21,110 --> 00:05:19,360 that goes wrong and 127 00:05:23,110 --> 00:05:21,120 so that on the day of execution 128 00:05:31,350 --> 00:05:23,120 everybody is prepared for anything that 129 00:05:35,909 --> 00:05:34,150 my name is destiny my question is 130 00:05:38,390 --> 00:05:35,919 how is one chosen to be the flight 131 00:05:40,790 --> 00:05:38,400 director and how long do you train 132 00:05:42,710 --> 00:05:40,800 wow so it's actually fairly competitive 133 00:05:44,870 --> 00:05:42,720 to be a flight director i forget how 134 00:05:46,870 --> 00:05:44,880 many we're up to now 88. it's gonna be 135 00:05:48,790 --> 00:05:46,880 in the 80s yeah yeah so in the history 136 00:05:49,990 --> 00:05:48,800 of the program since 1958 there have 137 00:05:53,110 --> 00:05:50,000 only been 138 00:05:54,790 --> 00:05:53,120 about 88 or so flight directors so every 139 00:05:57,189 --> 00:05:54,800 couple of years um 140 00:05:59,749 --> 00:05:57,199 we accept applications and it's usually 141 00:06:02,390 --> 00:05:59,759 a top performer in one of the other 142 00:06:04,950 --> 00:06:02,400 system areas here and potentially people 143 00:06:07,909 --> 00:06:04,960 that have management experience i got in 144 00:06:09,670 --> 00:06:07,919 in 2005 with a class of eight other 145 00:06:12,230 --> 00:06:09,680 individuals 146 00:06:14,150 --> 00:06:12,240 and then i started my training to do a 147 00:06:16,710 --> 00:06:14,160 basic space station operations it 148 00:06:17,670 --> 00:06:16,720 requires about nine months to a year of 149 00:06:19,670 --> 00:06:17,680 training 150 00:06:21,270 --> 00:06:19,680 once you get working in here then they 151 00:06:22,629 --> 00:06:21,280 allow you to do 152 00:06:25,110 --> 00:06:22,639 other events that are a little bit more 153 00:06:26,790 --> 00:06:25,120 complicated like docking 154 00:06:29,110 --> 00:06:26,800 bringing in a new vehicle and letting 155 00:06:32,390 --> 00:06:29,120 that vehicle attach to the space station 156 00:06:36,629 --> 00:06:32,400 or conducting space walks 157 00:06:40,150 --> 00:06:38,390 hi my name is bella lawrence and my 158 00:06:41,749 --> 00:06:40,160 question is is there anyone outside of 159 00:06:43,990 --> 00:06:41,759 mission control that tells the flight 160 00:06:46,830 --> 00:06:44,000 director what he or she should do 161 00:06:49,990 --> 00:06:46,840 besides my mother 162 00:06:52,070 --> 00:06:50,000 no no seriously in the in mission 163 00:06:54,469 --> 00:06:52,080 control you have one person in charge 164 00:06:56,710 --> 00:06:54,479 and one person only um 165 00:06:58,790 --> 00:06:56,720 i will give you an example if the if the 166 00:07:00,870 --> 00:06:58,800 president himself if i were executing a 167 00:07:02,870 --> 00:07:00,880 mission and the president walked in and 168 00:07:05,270 --> 00:07:02,880 directed me to do something different 169 00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:05,280 that i thought was unsafe for either the 170 00:07:09,909 --> 00:07:07,120 crew or the vehicle i have full 171 00:07:11,909 --> 00:07:09,919 authority to override that decision so 172 00:07:13,830 --> 00:07:11,919 we have to set it up that way to protect 173 00:07:16,309 --> 00:07:13,840 the safety of the crew and the safety of 174 00:07:20,230 --> 00:07:16,319 our space station 175 00:07:24,309 --> 00:07:22,150 hello my name is lizette garza and my 176 00:07:25,990 --> 00:07:24,319 question is how many positions are in 177 00:07:28,309 --> 00:07:26,000 mission control and how are you chosen 178 00:07:31,510 --> 00:07:28,319 to work in a particular position let's 179 00:07:35,029 --> 00:07:33,670 it looks like there's about 20 of us in 180 00:07:36,790 --> 00:07:35,039 here today 181 00:07:38,950 --> 00:07:36,800 so this is what you're what you're 182 00:07:41,270 --> 00:07:38,960 seeing now is mission control during the 183 00:07:43,029 --> 00:07:41,280 the daytime hours 184 00:07:45,350 --> 00:07:43,039 right now the crew is on the second half 185 00:07:47,270 --> 00:07:45,360 of their work day and they will be going 186 00:07:49,670 --> 00:07:47,280 to sleep a little bit later this 187 00:07:52,629 --> 00:07:49,680 afternoon around 3 30 our time when they 188 00:07:55,270 --> 00:07:52,639 go to sleep this room will have roughly 189 00:07:56,629 --> 00:07:55,280 about five or six people in here so we 190 00:07:58,550 --> 00:07:56,639 down staff where people are just 191 00:08:00,869 --> 00:07:58,560 monitoring the space station systems 192 00:08:02,869 --> 00:08:00,879 while the crew sleeps 193 00:08:05,029 --> 00:08:02,879 the second part of your question was i 194 00:08:07,510 --> 00:08:05,039 think how you you become a flight 195 00:08:09,430 --> 00:08:07,520 controller you study math and science a 196 00:08:12,950 --> 00:08:09,440 lot of these folks have bachelor's 197 00:08:15,110 --> 00:08:12,960 degrees in math science engineering 198 00:08:17,430 --> 00:08:15,120 they don't necessarily work in their 199 00:08:19,270 --> 00:08:17,440 specialty say you studied mechanical 200 00:08:20,550 --> 00:08:19,280 engineering or electrical engineering 201 00:08:22,390 --> 00:08:20,560 you might find yourself working with 202 00:08:25,110 --> 00:08:22,400 computers 203 00:08:27,830 --> 00:08:25,120 but the important thing is they they 204 00:08:29,830 --> 00:08:27,840 learn how to think as a critical problem 205 00:08:31,110 --> 00:08:29,840 solver by studying these subjects and 206 00:08:33,670 --> 00:08:31,120 then we 207 00:08:39,990 --> 00:08:33,680 make use of those skills here in mission 208 00:08:44,389 --> 00:08:42,389 hi my name's adrian dinger and my 209 00:08:45,990 --> 00:08:44,399 question is what is the most difficult 210 00:08:48,070 --> 00:08:46,000 emotional obstacle that you must 211 00:08:50,230 --> 00:08:48,080 overcome while a mission is going on and 212 00:08:53,190 --> 00:08:50,240 how do you cope with this ah 213 00:08:55,350 --> 00:08:53,200 that's a good question so sometimes i 214 00:08:58,230 --> 00:08:55,360 would work missions in here when my best 215 00:09:00,230 --> 00:08:58,240 friends were on orbit and you worry 216 00:09:01,990 --> 00:09:00,240 about them as your friend you i'm a 217 00:09:04,389 --> 00:09:02,000 physicist so when they are getting ready 218 00:09:07,110 --> 00:09:04,399 to launch i understand the physics of 219 00:09:08,389 --> 00:09:07,120 the rocket and in my scientific mind i 220 00:09:10,710 --> 00:09:08,399 know that it's safe 221 00:09:12,230 --> 00:09:10,720 but in my emotional side that's my 222 00:09:13,829 --> 00:09:12,240 friend and they're being attached to 223 00:09:15,430 --> 00:09:13,839 this big old rocket and something might 224 00:09:18,150 --> 00:09:15,440 happen 225 00:09:20,230 --> 00:09:18,160 you have to compartmentalize that 226 00:09:22,150 --> 00:09:20,240 you cannot let emotions 227 00:09:22,949 --> 00:09:22,160 feed into the job that you have to do 228 00:09:25,110 --> 00:09:22,959 here 229 00:09:27,030 --> 00:09:25,120 i have had a grandmother pass away 230 00:09:29,750 --> 00:09:27,040 during a mission that i was working 231 00:09:31,910 --> 00:09:29,760 where i had to deal with that afterwards 232 00:09:34,389 --> 00:09:31,920 and there's been some scary situations 233 00:09:35,670 --> 00:09:34,399 in here but you cannot exhibit that in 234 00:09:37,350 --> 00:09:35,680 front of the team because you are their 235 00:09:46,310 --> 00:09:37,360 leader and you need to make sure that 236 00:09:51,030 --> 00:09:49,350 hi my name is ariana and my question is 237 00:09:52,550 --> 00:09:51,040 how does mission control work through 238 00:09:55,670 --> 00:09:52,560 problems 239 00:09:57,430 --> 00:09:55,680 oh well we work as a team that is the 240 00:09:59,509 --> 00:09:57,440 most important part about working in 241 00:10:02,550 --> 00:09:59,519 mission control we have a lot of 242 00:10:05,430 --> 00:10:02,560 individually smart people but and i that 243 00:10:08,949 --> 00:10:05,440 i look to to ask very detailed questions 244 00:10:11,590 --> 00:10:08,959 but ultimately we we discuss um 245 00:10:13,509 --> 00:10:11,600 the uh the problem that we're facing and 246 00:10:16,069 --> 00:10:13,519 get inputs from everybody whether you're 247 00:10:18,069 --> 00:10:16,079 the one that's um that's the smartest in 248 00:10:20,870 --> 00:10:18,079 that area or not and then as a team 249 00:10:22,790 --> 00:10:20,880 collectively we uh make decisions it's 250 00:10:24,150 --> 00:10:22,800 very methodical it it's that's one 251 00:10:25,509 --> 00:10:24,160 comment i always tell people is it's not 252 00:10:27,590 --> 00:10:25,519 like the movies at all like you see the 253 00:10:29,350 --> 00:10:27,600 movies it's all dramatic and 254 00:10:30,550 --> 00:10:29,360 crazy with music playing and that's not 255 00:10:31,750 --> 00:10:30,560 at i think the first thing people 256 00:10:33,750 --> 00:10:31,760 realize whenever they walk in here it's 257 00:10:44,630 --> 00:10:33,760 just not like it's very 258 00:10:49,110 --> 00:10:46,949 hello my name is miguel and 259 00:10:51,110 --> 00:10:49,120 my question is have you seen the movie 260 00:10:52,870 --> 00:10:51,120 gravity does it scare you and how likely 261 00:10:54,949 --> 00:10:52,880 would such a scenario be 262 00:10:57,910 --> 00:10:54,959 i knew somebody was going to ask me that 263 00:11:00,389 --> 00:10:57,920 so no i didn't get time i was very busy 264 00:11:02,310 --> 00:11:00,399 and i never made it to i did i never 265 00:11:04,949 --> 00:11:02,320 made it to go see it and then so i'm 266 00:11:07,030 --> 00:11:04,959 looking for it on on netflix or whatever 267 00:11:10,389 --> 00:11:07,040 but so i will eventually watch that i 268 00:11:11,190 --> 00:11:10,399 have heard about it and um no 269 00:11:15,110 --> 00:11:11,200 no 270 00:11:17,190 --> 00:11:15,120 so when we do space walks we always make 271 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:17,200 sure there are two what they call 272 00:11:22,630 --> 00:11:20,000 tethers hooking together we would never 273 00:11:24,949 --> 00:11:22,640 ever ever be in a scenario where our 274 00:11:26,949 --> 00:11:24,959 crew member would be free flying now i 275 00:11:29,190 --> 00:11:26,959 say never never if something really very 276 00:11:30,630 --> 00:11:29,200 strange were to happen and we did 277 00:11:32,710 --> 00:11:30,640 the crews are actually equipped with 278 00:11:35,509 --> 00:11:32,720 these little backpacks that can help 279 00:11:37,670 --> 00:11:35,519 them get back to structure um but i 280 00:11:40,790 --> 00:11:37,680 think in the movie there's a piece of 281 00:11:43,110 --> 00:11:40,800 debris that comes out yeah we monitor 282 00:11:45,190 --> 00:11:43,120 debris all the time so the chances of 283 00:11:47,910 --> 00:11:45,200 that surprising us especially during a 284 00:11:54,470 --> 00:11:47,920 space walk nah nah nah but i hear it's a 285 00:11:59,030 --> 00:11:56,949 my name is helene bach and my question 286 00:12:00,949 --> 00:11:59,040 is have the astronauts ever experienced 287 00:12:03,030 --> 00:12:00,959 a danger that required them to leave the 288 00:12:04,790 --> 00:12:03,040 international space station ah that's 289 00:12:07,990 --> 00:12:04,800 okay that's an excellent question so 290 00:12:10,550 --> 00:12:08,000 that worries us um so far today we have 291 00:12:11,990 --> 00:12:10,560 never had to do that but we have come 292 00:12:13,910 --> 00:12:12,000 close 293 00:12:15,990 --> 00:12:13,920 as i mentioned those pieces of debris 294 00:12:18,470 --> 00:12:16,000 that we talked about for the movie 295 00:12:21,110 --> 00:12:18,480 we have flight controllers here that 296 00:12:23,110 --> 00:12:21,120 monitor all you've heard of space junk 297 00:12:25,030 --> 00:12:23,120 so things that are out there floating 298 00:12:27,590 --> 00:12:25,040 around that if they come in contact with 299 00:12:29,750 --> 00:12:27,600 the space station could puncture the 300 00:12:31,750 --> 00:12:29,760 whole of the space station and cause all 301 00:12:33,750 --> 00:12:31,760 the air to go out 302 00:12:35,990 --> 00:12:33,760 normally we know about these things way 303 00:12:37,670 --> 00:12:36,000 in advance and what we do is we use our 304 00:12:40,150 --> 00:12:37,680 reboost engines and we move the space 305 00:12:42,710 --> 00:12:40,160 station out of the way of the debris but 306 00:12:44,550 --> 00:12:42,720 sometimes there are items that we maybe 307 00:12:45,350 --> 00:12:44,560 didn't know we weren't able to track as 308 00:12:48,310 --> 00:12:45,360 well 309 00:12:50,870 --> 00:12:48,320 that come in with a late notice and the 310 00:12:53,350 --> 00:12:50,880 only thing we can do is tell the crew go 311 00:12:54,389 --> 00:12:53,360 into your soyuz or your crew return 312 00:12:56,470 --> 00:12:54,399 capsule 313 00:12:58,230 --> 00:12:56,480 shut the hatch and wait for us to tell 314 00:13:00,550 --> 00:12:58,240 you that it's all clear and we've had to 315 00:13:03,670 --> 00:13:00,560 do that what three times in the history 316 00:13:03,680 --> 00:13:07,829 thank you 317 00:13:12,230 --> 00:13:10,310 hi my name is kelsey barron and my 318 00:13:16,470 --> 00:13:12,240 question is what do you do while 319 00:13:21,990 --> 00:13:18,550 we say thank you um 320 00:13:23,990 --> 00:13:22,000 we uh we are always very busy in here so 321 00:13:25,910 --> 00:13:24,000 those when we're watching a mission and 322 00:13:27,350 --> 00:13:25,920 everything's going smoothly we're 323 00:13:29,030 --> 00:13:27,360 looking at you know what the crew is 324 00:13:32,310 --> 00:13:29,040 doing tomorrow what the crew is doing 325 00:13:35,110 --> 00:13:32,320 the next day uh we're talking about 326 00:13:37,030 --> 00:13:35,120 hardware failures that that we have been 327 00:13:39,829 --> 00:13:37,040 working on that we need to reach a 328 00:13:42,710 --> 00:13:39,839 resolution on in a couple of weeks 329 00:13:44,629 --> 00:13:42,720 so there are other things that we can do 330 00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:44,639 that if the crew doesn't need us right 331 00:13:48,230 --> 00:13:46,320 now but we're always monitoring the 332 00:13:49,910 --> 00:13:48,240 systems on board to make sure that the 333 00:13:52,629 --> 00:13:49,920 system is still 334 00:13:57,750 --> 00:13:52,639 operating nominally 335 00:14:01,750 --> 00:13:59,829 hello my name is gabriel and my question 336 00:14:03,910 --> 00:14:01,760 is what type of projects are you 337 00:14:06,470 --> 00:14:03,920 currently involved in 338 00:14:09,590 --> 00:14:06,480 so right now i was a flight director for 339 00:14:12,629 --> 00:14:09,600 eight years but for the last year i have 340 00:14:15,269 --> 00:14:12,639 been reassigned to a management position 341 00:14:18,629 --> 00:14:15,279 so i am looking at 342 00:14:21,269 --> 00:14:18,639 what mission control will look like in 343 00:14:23,750 --> 00:14:21,279 next year and five years from now as you 344 00:14:26,629 --> 00:14:23,760 know the space station has been 345 00:14:28,629 --> 00:14:26,639 authorized to operate till 2024 so my 346 00:14:30,949 --> 00:14:28,639 job is to make sure that i have all the 347 00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:30,959 right people in place to do that and 348 00:14:34,710 --> 00:14:32,800 that we have all the right equipment in 349 00:14:38,310 --> 00:14:34,720 here to be able to continue to support 350 00:14:38,320 --> 00:14:42,150 thank you 351 00:14:45,430 --> 00:14:43,670 my name is alyssa coleman and my 352 00:14:47,030 --> 00:14:45,440 question is what kind of science is 353 00:14:49,430 --> 00:14:47,040 conducted on the international space 354 00:14:51,189 --> 00:14:49,440 station oh wow what kind of science is 355 00:14:52,310 --> 00:14:51,199 not conducted on the international space 356 00:14:53,910 --> 00:14:52,320 station so 357 00:14:57,030 --> 00:14:53,920 now that we have it constructed we 358 00:14:59,670 --> 00:14:57,040 that's we're busy doing that every day 359 00:15:03,350 --> 00:14:59,680 we have a lot of human health science uh 360 00:15:05,829 --> 00:15:03,360 biology biology some earth science 361 00:15:07,509 --> 00:15:05,839 physics space science 362 00:15:09,750 --> 00:15:07,519 primarily we're studying we want to 363 00:15:12,150 --> 00:15:09,760 understand the effects of space on the 364 00:15:14,870 --> 00:15:12,160 human body so that if you know folks 365 00:15:17,030 --> 00:15:14,880 decide we want to go beyond low earth 366 00:15:19,509 --> 00:15:17,040 orbit that we understand what we need to 367 00:15:22,470 --> 00:15:19,519 protect the astronauts from 368 00:15:24,790 --> 00:15:22,480 and we're also testing out new systems 369 00:15:25,990 --> 00:15:24,800 that we would use on these long duration 370 00:15:28,949 --> 00:15:26,000 missions like if we were going to the 371 00:15:29,670 --> 00:15:28,959 mar to mars or to the moon 372 00:15:33,430 --> 00:15:29,680 that 373 00:15:34,710 --> 00:15:33,440 in-house right now we use the space 374 00:15:38,470 --> 00:15:34,720 station to test those out and we 375 00:15:38,480 --> 00:15:44,949 thank you 376 00:15:50,150 --> 00:15:47,030 hi my name is amber why is the 377 00:15:51,990 --> 00:15:50,160 international space station worth doing 378 00:15:54,949 --> 00:15:52,000 wow there are hundreds of different 379 00:15:57,430 --> 00:15:54,959 answers to this question 380 00:16:01,430 --> 00:15:57,440 i from my position i can see the 381 00:16:02,790 --> 00:16:01,440 benefits that our research has on 382 00:16:05,230 --> 00:16:02,800 on the general population let me give 383 00:16:07,430 --> 00:16:05,240 you an example you know my mom has 384 00:16:09,749 --> 00:16:07,440 osteoporosis what that means is you get 385 00:16:12,069 --> 00:16:09,759 a weakening of the of your bones as you 386 00:16:13,590 --> 00:16:12,079 age and they become more brittle 387 00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:13,600 in space we're able to conduct 388 00:16:17,509 --> 00:16:16,000 experiments because uh the the crew 389 00:16:19,749 --> 00:16:17,519 members lose 390 00:16:20,949 --> 00:16:19,759 calcium from their bones and their bones 391 00:16:22,629 --> 00:16:20,959 are also 392 00:16:25,990 --> 00:16:22,639 starting to weaken so we've been able to 393 00:16:27,590 --> 00:16:26,000 do some experiments on board that now 394 00:16:29,749 --> 00:16:27,600 are in you know can go through clinical 395 00:16:32,310 --> 00:16:29,759 trials and be given to people on the 396 00:16:34,230 --> 00:16:32,320 earth and maybe my mom you know or me 397 00:16:36,230 --> 00:16:34,240 before that happens to me 398 00:16:38,629 --> 00:16:36,240 i can benefit from that there's also 399 00:16:41,269 --> 00:16:38,639 some cancer research that we're doing on 400 00:16:42,230 --> 00:16:41,279 how to provide localized breast cancer 401 00:16:43,430 --> 00:16:42,240 treatment 402 00:16:45,670 --> 00:16:43,440 and i know a lot of people with breast 403 00:16:47,430 --> 00:16:45,680 cancer so for me it's the human health 404 00:16:51,030 --> 00:16:47,440 benefits 405 00:16:52,470 --> 00:16:51,040 working together with we work with 16 406 00:16:53,269 --> 00:16:52,480 different countries 407 00:16:55,269 --> 00:16:53,279 and 408 00:16:58,150 --> 00:16:55,279 you know while our politicians may not 409 00:16:59,350 --> 00:16:58,160 always get along we are a shiny example 410 00:17:00,790 --> 00:16:59,360 of how 411 00:17:03,030 --> 00:17:00,800 people from different backgrounds and 412 00:17:04,949 --> 00:17:03,040 different cultures can get along and 413 00:17:06,470 --> 00:17:04,959 work together to produce something as 414 00:17:09,510 --> 00:17:06,480 wonderful as the international space 415 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:17,990 thank you 416 00:17:22,949 --> 00:17:20,710 hi my name is justin my question is do 417 00:17:25,510 --> 00:17:22,959 the sun's solar flares affect the people 418 00:17:26,549 --> 00:17:25,520 and vehicles in space if so how are they 419 00:17:29,190 --> 00:17:26,559 protected 420 00:17:31,510 --> 00:17:29,200 ah yes so we have a separate group of 421 00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:31,520 people that are watching for these solar 422 00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:33,520 flares and you know these are huge 423 00:17:38,630 --> 00:17:36,480 bursts of energy and sometimes um they 424 00:17:41,110 --> 00:17:38,640 can have as you've maybe have seen in 425 00:17:44,070 --> 00:17:41,120 the news and you know impacts on cell 426 00:17:45,909 --> 00:17:44,080 phone coverage they can have impacts on 427 00:17:48,870 --> 00:17:45,919 um you know different 428 00:17:51,029 --> 00:17:48,880 communications of uh between a satellite 429 00:17:53,750 --> 00:17:51,039 and the space station so we like to keep 430 00:17:55,510 --> 00:17:53,760 aware of those um so that it's not 431 00:17:57,750 --> 00:17:55,520 unexpected when it happens but we do 432 00:18:00,150 --> 00:17:57,760 have radiation shielding 433 00:18:01,909 --> 00:18:00,160 across a majority of the international 434 00:18:09,590 --> 00:18:01,919 space station that is able to protect 435 00:18:14,470 --> 00:18:12,150 hi my name is elizabeth and my question 436 00:18:16,390 --> 00:18:14,480 is when nasa returns to the moon what 437 00:18:19,029 --> 00:18:16,400 type of research will be done and how 438 00:18:22,150 --> 00:18:19,039 would we benefit it and when will nasa 439 00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:22,160 send astronauts to the moon again oh 440 00:18:26,150 --> 00:18:24,000 well you know i i would be happy for us 441 00:18:28,390 --> 00:18:26,160 to go to the moon as well 442 00:18:30,870 --> 00:18:28,400 currently right now we have no plans to 443 00:18:33,669 --> 00:18:30,880 do so so what we're doing is focusing 444 00:18:36,950 --> 00:18:33,679 our efforts on using the international 445 00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:36,960 space station to test out technologies 446 00:18:41,270 --> 00:18:37,840 and 447 00:18:43,190 --> 00:18:41,280 communication practices that we can use 448 00:18:51,430 --> 00:18:43,200 whenever the decision is made to go to 449 00:18:55,669 --> 00:18:53,909 hello my name is adam my question is are 450 00:18:56,390 --> 00:18:55,679 you aware of any changes in height due 451 00:19:01,190 --> 00:18:56,400 to 452 00:19:03,029 --> 00:19:01,200 ah excellent question yes so when you're 453 00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:03,039 on earth you with the benefits of 454 00:19:07,669 --> 00:19:06,080 gravity you your spine gets compressed 455 00:19:10,070 --> 00:19:07,679 and we have found that when the crew 456 00:19:12,870 --> 00:19:10,080 members get up in the space their spine 457 00:19:14,789 --> 00:19:12,880 elongates a little bit maybe 458 00:19:17,350 --> 00:19:14,799 up to an inch in some cases it's about 459 00:19:18,789 --> 00:19:17,360 an inch um so we actually plan for that 460 00:19:20,950 --> 00:19:18,799 because you know they do get fitted for 461 00:19:22,789 --> 00:19:20,960 their spacesuits and you wouldn't want 462 00:19:24,150 --> 00:19:22,799 to be you know fitted for a spacesuit 463 00:19:25,750 --> 00:19:24,160 and then you go up and all of a sudden 464 00:19:27,750 --> 00:19:25,760 now you're bonking your top of your head 465 00:19:30,470 --> 00:19:27,760 at your space helmet so we make sure we 466 00:19:32,390 --> 00:19:30,480 we allow for that uh that growth and 467 00:19:34,549 --> 00:19:32,400 then when they come back they can be 468 00:19:36,470 --> 00:19:34,559 tall for like the first day or so and it 469 00:19:37,669 --> 00:19:36,480 eventually settles out it actually makes 470 00:19:38,950 --> 00:19:37,679 your lower back kind of hurt a little 471 00:19:41,029 --> 00:19:38,960 bit sometimes because the way their 472 00:19:42,789 --> 00:19:41,039 spine is stretching so it's not exactly 473 00:19:46,710 --> 00:19:42,799 i mean i would love to be taller but you 474 00:19:46,720 --> 00:19:52,390 thank you 475 00:19:57,430 --> 00:19:54,630 hello my name is kevin and my question 476 00:20:00,470 --> 00:19:57,440 is what is the longest a human has lived 477 00:20:03,549 --> 00:20:00,480 in space aha the longest a human has 478 00:20:06,710 --> 00:20:03,559 lived in space it is about 479 00:20:09,990 --> 00:20:06,720 430 days we just looked this up before 480 00:20:12,149 --> 00:20:10,000 we came here so it was 430 days and it 481 00:20:15,190 --> 00:20:12,159 was uh one of the russian cosmonauts 482 00:20:17,110 --> 00:20:15,200 that flew on board the mir space station 483 00:20:19,270 --> 00:20:17,120 for the international space station we 484 00:20:21,270 --> 00:20:19,280 tried to limit the stay till about six 485 00:20:22,950 --> 00:20:21,280 months but there was one mission that i 486 00:20:26,149 --> 00:20:22,960 was actually the lead flight director 487 00:20:29,830 --> 00:20:26,159 for where michael lopez alegria 488 00:20:32,789 --> 00:20:29,840 had to stay for 201 days 489 00:20:32,799 --> 00:20:38,390 thank you 490 00:20:42,710 --> 00:20:40,710 hi my name is adam and my question is do 491 00:20:46,070 --> 00:20:42,720 you believe in extraterrestrial life and 492 00:20:51,590 --> 00:20:49,830 this is an interesting question 493 00:20:53,029 --> 00:20:51,600 you know 494 00:20:57,669 --> 00:20:53,039 maybe 495 00:20:59,830 --> 00:20:57,679 um surely as large as the universe is 496 00:21:02,149 --> 00:20:59,840 we're not the only ones but i don't have 497 00:21:04,950 --> 00:21:02,159 any direct evidence of any of that i 498 00:21:10,630 --> 00:21:04,960 don't know any secrets 499 00:21:14,310 --> 00:21:12,470 hi my name is carlos jimenez and my 500 00:21:17,110 --> 00:21:14,320 question is is there any plans for the 501 00:21:19,190 --> 00:21:17,120 planet mars in the next 20 years 502 00:21:21,029 --> 00:21:19,200 yeah right now nasa doesn't have any 503 00:21:23,510 --> 00:21:21,039 plans i've heard of some other plans 504 00:21:25,350 --> 00:21:23,520 outside of nasa of people looking at 505 00:21:26,950 --> 00:21:25,360 going to mars 506 00:21:28,789 --> 00:21:26,960 but again it's the same thing we're 507 00:21:31,669 --> 00:21:28,799 doing for the moon the international 508 00:21:34,149 --> 00:21:31,679 space station is a great test bed 509 00:21:35,909 --> 00:21:34,159 to be able to be ready with all of the 510 00:21:37,830 --> 00:21:35,919 appropriate systems and all the 511 00:21:38,789 --> 00:21:37,840 appropriate lessons learned 512 00:21:39,750 --> 00:21:38,799 if 513 00:21:44,070 --> 00:21:39,760 our 514 00:21:53,750 --> 00:21:44,080 the decision is made to go to mars 515 00:21:58,950 --> 00:21:56,390 hi my name is jorge and my question is 516 00:22:01,350 --> 00:21:58,960 what role would mission control play in 517 00:22:03,590 --> 00:22:01,360 a mission to mars ah okay 518 00:22:05,750 --> 00:22:03,600 so going to mars would be different with 519 00:22:07,350 --> 00:22:05,760 respect to communications right now we 520 00:22:10,149 --> 00:22:07,360 can call the crew 521 00:22:12,390 --> 00:22:10,159 at pretty much any time any day we have 522 00:22:14,149 --> 00:22:12,400 great communications coverage 523 00:22:15,830 --> 00:22:14,159 and that's because they are you know 524 00:22:17,750 --> 00:22:15,840 right above us 525 00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:17,760 but when you go to mars 526 00:22:21,029 --> 00:22:19,120 we won't always have a direct 527 00:22:23,510 --> 00:22:21,039 communication link to them so they need 528 00:22:25,750 --> 00:22:23,520 to be as autonomous as we can possibly 529 00:22:29,750 --> 00:22:25,760 make them and we need to be here to kind 530 00:22:31,990 --> 00:22:29,760 of support only for things that um are 531 00:22:35,110 --> 00:22:32,000 are operating out of 532 00:22:37,190 --> 00:22:35,120 the nominal plan or um 533 00:22:38,710 --> 00:22:37,200 or have failed in ways differently than 534 00:22:40,950 --> 00:22:38,720 we had anticipated because we will 535 00:22:42,789 --> 00:22:40,960 provide them with procedures to keep the 536 00:22:44,630 --> 00:22:42,799 systems running and then we'll provide 537 00:22:46,470 --> 00:22:44,640 them with another set of procedures in 538 00:22:48,950 --> 00:22:46,480 case this fails or that fails but there 539 00:22:50,470 --> 00:22:48,960 could be things that we didn't think of 540 00:22:52,950 --> 00:22:50,480 so we're looking at different 541 00:22:54,390 --> 00:22:52,960 communications 542 00:22:56,710 --> 00:22:54,400 links that we can have with them either 543 00:22:58,710 --> 00:22:56,720 by voice or a text message that they can 544 00:23:00,549 --> 00:22:58,720 send that might get the information back 545 00:23:03,270 --> 00:23:00,559 and forth quicker but ultimately we will 546 00:23:05,909 --> 00:23:03,280 be they'll be pretty much primary and we 547 00:23:07,510 --> 00:23:05,919 will be here to help guide them along 548 00:23:08,630 --> 00:23:07,520 i think that's it so we want to thank 549 00:23:10,230 --> 00:23:08,640 you guys very much for your time it's 550 00:23:12,789 --> 00:23:10,240 been fun i hope you guys have a good day